• To validate that our natural

  2022-04-29

  

  To validate that our natural experiment operates primarily through a large negative shock to the risk-taking incentives provided by option compensation measured by vega, we do two sets of tests. First, we confirm a significant drop in vega after the adoption of FAS 123R for treated firms relative to

• The following are the supplementary data related

  2022-04-29

  

  The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Transparency document Introduction Hypoxia is a pathological process that causes abnormal changes in metabolism, function and morphological structure of tissue because of insufficient oxygen supply. It's reported that hypoxia w

• Long term effects of prolonged darkness on

  2022-04-29

  

  Long-term effects of prolonged darkness on specific physiological activities were also monitored at different leaf positions. Basically, stomatal conductance and CO2 assimilation were different at various leaf stages and were decreased or inhibited significantly within 24 h in all leaf positions upo

• br Material and methods br Results br Discussion Liver

  2022-04-29

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion Liver plays a key role in the metabolism and detoxification of DON (Peng et al., 2017). However, various DON investigations generated inconsistent results, with some showing hepatotoxicity of DON, while others not. For example, one report stated that

• In our previous study we designed and synthesized compounds

  2022-04-29

  

  In our previous study, we designed and synthesized compounds of A series from the starting material 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic fasudil hcl (ferulic acid). These compounds with R group being amino acid residues, fatty acyl group and sulfuryl group showed moderate HDAC inhibition and in vitro antitu

• GCIPs are highly conserved Ca binding

  2022-04-29

  

  GCIPs are highly conserved Ca2+-binding proteins first discovered in the frog [42] and later in teleost [9]. With regard to gene structure, sequence conservation, and function, GCIPs are evolutionarily related to the GCAPs. The GCIP genes have acquired an additional intron in the N-terminal region w

• Interestingly myorelaxation and the stimulation of cGMP

  2022-04-29

  

  Interestingly, myorelaxation and the stimulation of cGMP production are properties also reported for sGC stimulators, such as YC-1 and BAY 41–2272 (i.e., indazole compounds that were discovered in the 1990s) [35]. They relax aortic ring contractions induced by phenylephrine, and their effects are si

• Whilst it has long been appreciated that

  2022-04-29

  

  Whilst it has long been appreciated that Rho-family GTPases are able to signal directly to focal adhesions, it is also becoming increasingly clear that they can achieve this indirectly, through their influence on the extracellular matrix to which the integrins bind. Cdc42 and RhoA have long been kno

• The lactic acid receptor HCA is primarily expressed in

  2022-04-29

  

  The lactic Moxifloxacin mg receptor HCA1 is primarily expressed in white and brown adipocytes 11, 12, 17, 18 (Table 1). Only relatively low expression levels of HCA1 have been described in several other tissues 16, 19, and it is not clear whether this is due to the presence of adipocytes in these ti

• br Specificity of CD T cells and their

  2022-04-26

  

  Specificity of CD4 T cells and their role in flavivirus neutralizing antibody responses CD4 T cells recognize peptides that are proteolytically processed from protein antigens and presented by MHC class II molecules on the surface of specialized antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells o

• br Methods and materials br Results and discussion br Conclu

  2022-04-26

  

  Methods and materials Results and discussion Conclusions This is the first study that attempted to isolate, purify and identify the characteristics of STF 083010 from ginseng. In vitro studies have demonstrated that PGL-1 efficiently suppressed SH-SY5Y cell apoptosis induced by Aβ25–35, po

• br Material and methods br Results br

  2022-04-26

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion Neurosteroids capable of blocking the NMDAR channel attract a lot of attention as possible therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. A large number of new BI 6015 with different structures have been synthesized in order to c

• bwx At this point it needs however to be

  2022-04-25

  

  At this point it needs, however, to be mentioned that most in vivo studies regarding the herein discussed nuclear receptors were performed in rodents, especially in mice. Due to the significant differences in metabolism in mice and humans, not all results are translatable between these species and h

• GPR which is also known as

  2022-04-25

  

  GPR40, which is also known as FFA receptor 1 (FFAR1 or FFA1), was identified as an orphan receptor in the search for novel human galanin receptor (GALR) subtypes in 1997. Using reverse pharmacology approaches measuring calcium transients, GPR40 were deorphanized and characterized as being activated

• For our test subjects we used established

  2022-04-25

  

  For our test subjects, we used established high fat diet–induced obese (eDIO) male mices T2DM models. The establishment of eDIO mice was accomplished with a 60% high fat diet ad libitum over a 14 week period (initiated at 6 weeks of age). Compared with regularly-dieted mice, the eDIO ones weigh sign

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